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GCSE Foundation · grades 1–5 · 25% of marks

GCSE Foundation — Number

25% of a GCSE Foundation entry is number, spread across all three papers rather than gathered into one. The DfE lists 16 content statements for number at this tier, and the question bank is organised by them rather than by chapter headings, so you can see exactly which one you are weak on. Expect ordering numbers and inequality symbols, the four operations and place value, inverse operations and priority of operations, factors, multiples, primes, HCF and LCM, systematic listing and the product rule for counting and powers and roots. Everything on this page is Foundation content, which means a Higher student needs it too — Higher is Foundation plus more, not instead of. The assessment objectives split 50% AO1 against 50% AO2 and AO3 combined, which is why so many questions ask you to explain or to justify rather than simply to calculate. Most of this area is natural Paper 1 material, so practise it without a calculator before you practise it with one.

  • N1 — Ordering numbers and inequality symbols
  • N2 — The four operations and place value
  • N3 — Inverse operations and priority of operations
  • N4 — Factors, multiples, primes, HCF and LCM
  • N5 — Systematic listing and the product rule for counting
  • N6 — Powers and roots
  • N7 — Calculating with roots and indices
  • N8 — Exact calculation: fractions, surds and π
  • N9 — Standard form
  • N10 — Fractions and decimals, including recurring decimals
  • …and 6 more number statements at this tier

Practise

GCSE Foundation · NumberQuestion 1 of 20 · 0 correct
Practice mode· no pressure · hints available

Number

N5

Beginner

Using only 20p coins and 10p coins, and at least one of each, work out how many different ways there are to make exactly 60p. List the possibilities systematically.

💡 Hints:
Printable worksheetNon-calculator sheetSample Paper 1Sample Paper 2

The 16 DfE statements in number at Foundation

Higher-only statements are not listed here; statements with a Higher-only part are marked and the part is quoted.

N1Ordering numbers and inequality symbolsnon-calculator
30 questions
N2The four operations and place valuenon-calculator
30 questions
N3Inverse operations and priority of operationsnon-calculator
30 questions
N4Factors, multiples, primes, HCF and LCMnon-calculator
30 questions
N5Systematic listing and the product rule for countingpart Highereither paper
Higher-only part: "including use of the product rule for counting" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions
N6Powers and rootspart Highernon-calculator
Higher-only part: "estimate powers and roots of any given positive number" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions
N7Calculating with roots and indicespart Highernon-calculator
Higher-only part: "and fractional" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions
N8Exact calculation: fractions, surds and πpart Highernon-calculator
Higher-only parts: "surds"; "simplify surd expressions involving squares and rationalise denominators" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions
N9Standard formeither paper
30 questions
N10Fractions and decimals, including recurring decimalspart Highernon-calculator
Higher-only part: "change recurring decimals into their corresponding fractions and vice versa" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions
N11Fractions in ratio problemsnon-calculator
30 questions
N12Fractions and percentages as operatorseither paper
30 questions
N13Standard and compound unitseither paper
30 questions
N14Estimation and checkingnon-calculator
30 questions
N15Rounding, significant figures and error intervalseither paper
30 questions
N16Limits of accuracy and boundspart Highercalculator
Higher-only part: "upper and lower bounds" — Foundation students can skip these.30 questions

Related

Number at Higher15% of Higher marksRatio, proportion and rates of changeFoundation · 25% of marksAlgebraFoundation · 20% of marksGeometry and measuresFoundation · 15% of marks

Questions people ask

How much of the GCSE Foundation paper is number?

25% of the total marks, and the three papers each carry an equal share of the qualification, so it is spread across all of them rather than concentrated in one.

How many topics are there in number at GCSE Foundation?

16 DfE content statements, coded N1 to N16 within this area. Every question in the bank is tagged to one of them.

Is any number content on this page Higher only?

No. Foundation pages only show statements a Foundation entry may be asked. The Higher-only number material is on the GCSE Higher page for this area.

Can I use a calculator for number questions?

Paper 1 is non-calculator; Papers 2 and 3 allow one. Of the 16 statements in this area, 10 are naturally non-calculator and 1 naturally calculator, with the rest workable either way — so practise both.

What kind of marks does number carry?

The GCSE Foundation split is 50% AO1 (use and apply standard techniques), 25% AO2 (reason, interpret and communicate) and 25% AO3 (solve problems in and out of context). Questions in this area are set across all three.

Are these past paper questions?

No. Every question at /gcse-foundation is original, written to the DfE content statements and checked before it is published. We do not host past papers or mark schemes.

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