Statistics worksheet — GCSE Foundation

1.Write down the statement that correctly describes the difference between correlation and causation.

2.A bar chart is drawn for a set of categorical data. Write down what the height of each bar represents.

3.Four pairs of variables are listed below. Write down the pair that you would expect to show negative correlation.

4.In a scatter graph of the age, in years, and the wingspan, in cm, of 20 birds of the same species, all the points lie close to a rising line of best fit except one, which lies a long way below the line. That bird was later found to have a damaged wing. Give a reason why this point should not be used when drawing the line of best fit.

5.A two-way table records whether each of 50 pupils in Year 10 or Year 11 at a school walks to school or is driven. 28 of the 50 pupils are in Year 10. In total, 22 of the 50 pupils walk to school. Of the Year 10 pupils, 15 walk to school. Work out how many Year 11 pupils are driven to school.

6.A scatter graph of taxi journeys in Bristol shows the distance, x miles, and the fare, y pounds. The line of best fit is y = 2x + 3.50. Work out the estimated fare for a journey of 6 miles, using the line of best fit.

7.A survey of 25 pupils in Derby records how many siblings each has: 0 siblings — 6 pupils, 1 sibling — 10 pupils, 2 siblings — 6 pupils, 3 siblings — 3 pupils. Calculate the mean number of siblings.

8.On a scatter graph of the arm span and the height of some pupils, the points rise from left to right. Write down the type of correlation this shows.

9.A study found that people who drink more coffee tend to concentrate better at work. A coffee company says that this shows that drinking coffee improves concentration. Give the reason why this conclusion cannot be drawn.

10.Isla wants to find out the favourite television programme of the pupils at her school. She asks only her own close group of friends. Write down what is wrong with her sample.

11.A school has 1200 pupils. A teacher wants to take a random sample of 60 of them. Write down which of these methods gives a random sample.

12.Write down what a scatter graph is used to show.

13.A sports centre in Ipswich has 2,000 members. It wants to know what its members think of its opening hours, so it asks a random sample of 100 of them. Write down what the population is in this survey.

14.A gym in Cardiff has a scatter graph of the number of training sessions, x, attended by each member and the weight lost, y kg. The line of best fit is y = 0.4x + 1. Members want to lose at least 9 kg. Using the line of best fit, work out the least whole number of sessions needed to reach this target.

15.On a scatter graph of the age of a car, in years, and its value, in pounds, the points fall from left to right. Write down the type of correlation shown.